Please don't try and tell me what I mean. I know what I meant when I wrote it.
I didn't tell you
what you meant - I told you what you
said ... and what I inferred from that.
Sorry for the confusion.
If there is no uncertainty in your mind, please feel free to state as much.
The reason I know that is because I'm the one who wrote it and I wrote what I meant. If I had a question I would have, in fact, stated it explicitly. There was no inherent question hidden within my straightforward statement. The reason there was no inherent question is that I know full well that despite the reasonings, rationales, and various and sundry opinions, there is no definitive answer to the question of whether the Senate has the authority to convict and remove from office someone who no longer holds the office. It's never been done, it's never been tested to get a definitive answer.
How would you "test" something which SCOTUS says is non-justiciable ?
I'm aware. Thank you, though.
You're quite welcome.
He wasn't convicted, by the way. So there was no precedent set for removing someone from office after they already no longer hold the office.
The Senate does not need a "precedent" in order to exercise an Authority or Power which it inherently has.
The matter is non-justiciable, per SCOTUS in
Nixon v. US (1993) -
that is the controlling precedent.
It's certainly a valid opinion, but it's not the only opinion nor the definitive opinion, as you alluded to with, "I wouldn't want to bet on which way it will go..."
It's only a matter of whether the Senate has the
political will to exercise their Authority.
The definitive opinion in this case will be what the Senate,
as a body, decides to do.
That is as it should be - since impeachment is a
political act.
And it may end up being correct. But we don't know until it happens and either is or is not challenged.
How ya gonna "challenge" something that SCOTUS precedent says is non-justiciable ?
The Constitution makes it very clear that the president (and other civil officeholders) shall be removed from office upon Senate conviction for impeachment, and it also makes quite clear that Senate judgment cannot extend beyond removal from office (plus prohibition from holding future office, if the Senate so chooses). But the Constitution makes no mention of conviction and removal from office someone who is already out of office.
So what ?
You're really focused on the incorrect thing (
the consequence of a conviction vs.
the actions that the conviction resulted from):
The Senate has the power to try and convict on a set of charges - and then deliver a sentence. This is a
political act.
If the sentence is 1. removal from office
and 2. disqualification from future office, then the first is moot (of no practical importance or consequence; irrelevant in a practical sense) for people who no longer hold office - since the party is
already gone - while the second remains quite relevant.
However, where an individual still holds office, they are removed
first (because the first step is to
remove them from office) ... and then the disqualification occurs.
These are two separate steps.
One happens
before the other.
Such a judgement, it would seem, is outside the scope of the Constitution and calls into question the constitutional authority of the Senate to make that judgement. The Senate certainty has the authority to hold a trial, but they are tightly constrained in what they can do with it. One of the things they cannot do is remove someone from an office that the person on trial does not hold.
That's true in a practical sense ...
since the person no longer holds the office.
So it's moot at that point.
I think that maybe the difficulty here is too much focus on Article II, Section 4:
"President, Vice President and all civil officers of the United States, shall be removed from office on impeachment for, and conviction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors."
If that were the only thing the Constitution said on impeachment, then there might be something to the argument/point you seem to be making.
But if we go to Article I, Section 3 we see that it says:
"Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust or profit under the United States"
This shows that there are two distinct remedies the Senate is deliberating on:
1. Removal from office
and
2. Disqualification from holding any future Federal office.
They are clearly separate issues - as evidenced by the fact that of the 8 officers that the Senate voted to remove, it
subsequently voted to disqualify only 3 of them from future office.
Can they do preemptive impeachments and convictions to prevent someone from running for office?
At the Federal level, yes I suppose.
But I suspect that barring a good case, the
political will to do so would be nil.
If your opinion holds true, then it would certainly seem so. Congress has exercised its power to impeach three presidents, one senator, one cabinet official, and 15 federal judges already. A couple of years from now, if Mike Pompeo announces his run for president, what's to stop the House from impeaching him and the Senate from convicting him and ruling that he is prohibited from holding office, just to make sure he can't run for president?
The only things I know of would be a good case and the political will to do so.
But I do have to say, I'm really liking the way you are thinking ...