I have found myself surrounded by TT's in a Wally World lot during the summer. When the air was still and I had my windows down, I would wake up with a headache. I can only believe that is was from the CO.
Read this carefully.
Diesel engines produce virtually no carbon monoxide.
Then, maybe, read it again.
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Truth does not change because it is, or is not,
believed by a majority of the people. - Giordano Bruno
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Carbon monoxide is produced as a result of incomplete fuel combustion. In diesel engines built prior to 1984 (because of the Clean Air Act of 1977), carbon monoxide emissions could be as high as from 1000-5000 ppm, which is still far less than what a gasoline engine with a catalytic converter outputs. With the advent of diesel injectors and other regulations, carbon monoxide emissions of diesel engines made since 1984 are in the 5-20 ppm range, because they burn the fuel in excess air, even at full load.
The carbon monoxide contained in the environmental air we breathe when in and around most large cities is vastly greater than the CO output of a diesel engine.
However, diesel engines can produce black soot (or more specifically, diesel particulate matter) from their exhaust, which consists of unburned carbon compounds (not to be confused with incomplete fuel combustion). This is often caused by worn injectors, which do not atomize the fuel sufficiently, or a faulty engine management system, allowing more fuel to be injected than can be burned completely in the available time.
Compared to gasoline engines, diesel engines output dramatically less
carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon, but significantly more
soot (mainly amorphous carbon powder) and
aerosols (of chiefly ash particulates, metallic abrasion particles, sulfates, and silicates), and
nitrogen oxides (which produce smog and acid rain).
Diesel-induced headaches are usually the result of inhaling the diesel particulate matter (soot). Larger particulate matter, greater than 2.5 micrometers, is generally handled by the lungs quite easily, as that's the same as dust and gets expelled with routine efforts. However, diesel particulate matter also contains Fine PM2.5, which is particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns, with the mass media being .05-1.0 microns, and is small enough to be deposited deep in the lungs (airways and alveoli).
Not only do these fine soot particles lodge themselves in the lungs and reduce the flow of oxygen into and out of the lungs, the particles consist of a carbonaceous core with a large surface area to which various hydrocarbons are absorbed, and are thus deposited into your lungs. The reactions can vary from headaches to whatever.
I once parked the Sprinter at a truck stop in such a manner that I unknowingly partially blocked the tail pipe opening. I was idling, and awoke a few hours later (3AM IIRC) to find the interior of the van so filled with diesel exhaust that I had to feel for the door latch to open the side sliding door. I could not see my hand in front of my face. My CO detector did not go off, by the way. If it had been a gas engine, the CO detector would have gone off, I'm sure, as it will go off when a gasser parks next to me on occasion. If the Sprinter had been a gasser and I didn't have a CO detector, it's obvious what the outcome would have been.
On a side note, ever since that incident, not regularly, but once in a while, diesel fumes will trigger asthma, something which I have never had in the past. Interesting.
Recent studies have proven that those who are regularly exposed to diesel fumes and exhaust, particularly the particulates, are at a dramatically increased risk of heart attack and clogging of the arteries. The small particles in the fumes interact with LDL (bad) Cholesterol, and can lead to inflammation of the blood vessels, which in turn could lead to blood vessel blockage.
Bad news for truckers, good news for the stent business.