According to a report for the Maryland Office of Planning in 2006, each IdleAir space costs $16,700 to install. There are 8,760 hours in a year. Projected paid occupancy of available spaces was 50-55% average annual usage, with 55-70% in the summer and a corresponding 30-55% usage in the winter. Actual paid usage was about 35% average annual, with 50% during the summer.
IdleAir stated during their bankruptcy that they needed 50% annual occupancy to break even. If that's true, then their operating costs would be about 90-95 cents per space. At 50% occupancy, they'd be netting about 5 cents per hour per Gold user, and a little more with Silver and casual users. Every percentage point below 50%, especially as it nears the 35% average annual usage, the average revenue needed per paid, occupied space soars to the point where at 35% occupancy the it would be nearing $2.57 per hour, and if all 35% were occupied with Gold members they would be losing 72 cents per hour. These numbers coincide with the published financial reports from IdleAir.
So, you can quickly see that if they charged just $1 per space, even if that bumped usage to a very overly optimistic 75% average annual usage, that's just an average gross revenue of 75 cents per hour, and they'd be losing 15-20 cents per hour with a cost of 90-95 cents per space. Interestingly, back when fuel was $5 a gallon, IdleAir's average paid occupancy was about 75%, where they were netting about 46 cents per hour. But as the price of fuel dropped so did IdleAir's usage, and it dropped to a break-even at 50% and then on down to losing serious money at 35% occupancy.
At more than $16,000 a pop to install, it would take 4 years at 50% occupancy if 100% of the revenue went solely to recover construction costs, so you have to figure that it takes at least 10 years to recoup the construction costs. HVAC and electrical maintenance and repair has to be a few hundred dollars per year per unit, with one dollar of maintenance and repair requiring an additional one hour of paid usage. A few years ago I remember reading a report that detailed a lot of their costs and remember thinking at the time that their business model simply wasn't sustainable at anything less than $4 or $5 a gallon for fuel. It was far too dependent on large fleets purchasing large blocks of time that would essentially go unused. That didn't happen.