Well, I though we were talking in the context of 50, 100, 200 years ago, especially with the mention of Booth. If you look at things within the context of the television era, on the surface there are certainly more voices, but it's not quite that simple. When the Big 3 were the only game in town, they tended to broadcast actual news using sound journalistic principles, rather than political rhetoric. Journalistic integrity was not sacrificed for ratings the way news anchors and entire news networks do today.I would contend the opposite is true. Until cable television and the internet came along, only a handful of voices at NBC, CBS, and ABC actually had a live national audience. Plus a few national radio broadcasters. During that era, the Big 3 networks and a few national newspapers held a nearly monopolistic grip on the dissemination of news and opinion. Now, with the advent of cable TV and the internet, there are exponentially more voices being heard. All points of view are easily accessed.
Before USA Today, there were no national newspapers. The Wall Street Journal had a wide distribution, but it wasn't really a national paper, and concentrated on Wall Street and business, and had very little political commentary. The New York Times has somewhat of a national distribution, but mainly in larger cities and distributed primarily from local newsstands. ABC, NBC and CBS may have been the only television news game in town, but the local paper was still the news king in towns both large and small. Most people got their news from the paper, because the paper could go into more depth and detail than television could. The editors of newspapers controlled what was printed, especially with regard to political rhetoric, and shaped the opinions of the locals. More voices, many of them very different and not in unison, speaking to smaller groups. Many papers had syndicated op-ed columns, but it was the local editor that made the call as to which of those opinions got printed. If the editor didn't agree with what was in a particular column, it didn't get ran. National stories were fed to the locals from UPI and the AP, but there again, just like the Big 3, those stories tended to be unimpassioned news stories without the rhetoric.
It used to be where one company could not own a television station and a radio station or a newspaper in the same market. There was also a limit on the total number of media outlets that a single company could own, regardless of market. That was done specifically to prevent a monopoly of opinion and information being disseminated by a few, to the many.
Today, we have very large conglomerates which own several media outlets in the same market, where half a dozen radio stations and one or more television stations, plus cable stations, are owned by the same company. The U.S. media landscape today is dominated by massive corporations that, through a history of mergers and acquisitions, have concentrated their control over what we see, hear and read. In many cases, these giant companies are vertically integrated, controlling everything from initial production to final distribution.
News Corporation's media holdings, for example, include: the Fox Broadcasting Company; 120 television and cable networks around the world such as Fox, Fox Business Channel, National Geographic, FX and between 25% and 39% of various Sky Network channels; print publications including the Wall Street Journal, the New York Post and TVGuide; the magazines Barron’s and SmartMoney; book publisher HarperCollins; film production companies 20th Century Fox, Fox Searchlight Pictures and Blue Sky Studios; numerous websites including MarketWatch.com and wsj.com.
Time Warner is the largest media conglomerate in the world, with holdings including: CNN (including CNN International, CNN Headline News in Asia Pacific, CNN Headline News in Latin America, CNN+, CETV (36%)(China), CNNj, CNN Turk, CNN-IBN), the CW (a joint venture with CBS), HBO, Cinemax, Cartoon Network, TBS, TNT, America Online, MapQuest, Moviefone, Warner Bros. Pictures, Castle Rock and New Line Cinema, and more than 150 magazines including Time, Sports Illustrated, Fortune, Marie Claire and People.
The other 4 of the Big 6:
General Electric - NBC Networks, Telemundo, Ion Media networks, 46 television stations, plus NBC Entertainment, NBC News, NBC Sports, NBC Television, NBC Universal, CNBC, CNBC World (Arabia, India, Asia, Europe), MSNBC, Bravo, SyFy Channel, Telemundo, USA, Oxygen, Weather Plus, Mun2, Sleuth, Chiller, Universal HD, A&E Networks (16%; includes A&E, the History Channel, History en español, the Biography Channel, Military History Channel, Crime & Investigation Network, A&E HD, the History Channel HD, History International), the Weather Channel (partial), SyFy Channel HD.
CBS - CBS Networks consists of 30 stations plus affiliates. They own 130 radio stations in 29 markets, all of which are in the nation’s top 50 markets. They also own Simon & Schuster Publishing, which owns Simon & Schuster Canada, Simon & Schuster UK, Simon & Schuster Australia, Simon & Schuster Audio, Simon & Schuster Digital, MTV Books, Atria Books, Kaplan, Pocket Books, Scribner, The Free Press, The Touchstone, and the Fireside Group.
Walt Disney - 28 cable channels, 277 radio stations in the United States alone, including ABC Radio Networks: Imus in the Morning, The Mark Levin Show, Morning Joe, The Tom Joyner Show, and have 226 affiliated stations reaching 99 percent of all U.S. television households. The company owns and operates ten ABC television stations in the nation’s top markets.
Viacom - is mostly entertainment and not news, but one can't too easily dismiss the impact of Paramount Pictures, MTV, Comedy Central (The Jon Stewart Show, The Colbert Report), Nickelodeon and BET.
More voices? Absolutely. Exponentially? Perhaps, but all singing, more or less, in unison.