If you're in the market for a new MAS (Mass Airflow Sensor), or are looking for a good excuse to buy one, then a K&N air filter is a good choice, because it will require you to buy a new MAS within weeks.
A new Air Mass Sensor is about $375.
The K&N air filters tend to not really filter the air all that well, something that isn't quite as critical on a gas or racing engine, but becomes a problem with diesel engines, especially TDI (
Turbo Direct Injection) diesel engines. The purported increase in horsepower isn't there, and they allow a lot of fine dirt particles which, along with a film of oil, tend to accumulate in the turbo charger and the Air Mass Sensor. When the MAS is coated with oil, it will miscalculate the necessary airflow, resulting in far too much or far too little air being sucked into the engine.
In addition to coating the MAS with oil and grit, some of that grit gets through, and oil analysis usually shows an increase in wear metals and contaminants when switching from OEM paper filters to oiled reusable filters on TDI engines. (This information comes to me from my discussions with those at Blackstone Labs (oil analysis) from my dealer Sprinter Tech, and from the TDI forums.)
The
TDI Forums has many discussions regarding the K&N air filter, with all of them reporting the same problems.
The recmmendations of my Sprinter tech coincide with that of the TDI community, which is use an OEM filter and change it every 30,000 miles, or if you use a heavy duty filter, about every 50,000 miles. And if you've experienced particularly dusty conditions, like driving through a dust storm in south Texas, change it out early.